[涡流]First Solar首席执行官警告关税豁免威胁美国太阳能制造业 expansion

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2022 年 7 月 8 日，俄亥俄州佩里斯堡 First Solar 的一名工人正在将胶带贴在太阳能电池板上。

梅根·杰林格 |

路透社

First Solar

表明，很多外国太阳能组件威胁到在美国树立国内制作基地以支撑清洁动力转型的尽力

首席履行官马克·维德玛。

维德玛在承受 CNBC 采访时表明，美国应该撤销允许廉价零部件进入美国商场的关税豁免。

First Solar 是美国最大的太阳能电池板制作商，专注于大型公用事业规模项目。

维德玛表明：“咱们想要的只是可以凭借自己的优势进行竞赛，如果美国商场存在倾销现象，就应该予以解决。”

“一旦解决，咱们期望它得到履行。”

美国运用的一种常见类型的太阳能电池板被排除在旨在维护国内太阳能制作的第 201 条关税之外，并且对从几个东南亚国家进口的太阳能组件暂停征收关税。

虽然一些行业利益相关者支撑这些豁免，以协助扩展美国的太阳能发电容量，但维德玛表明，这些豁免正在损坏《通货膨胀削减法案》的方针。

使用缝隙

维德玛表明：“咱们正在尽力做的工作的初衷——创立一个可以实现长期动力独立和安全的国内工业，以实现气候变化方针，并通过具有国内能力实现创新循环——都面临着危险。”说。

“这很不幸，但这很大程度上就是正在发生的工作。”

拜登政府于2022年延长了特朗普政府开始征收的201条款关税，但进口双面太阳能电池板（双面吸收光线）不包括在关税范围内。

在上一年8月完毕的一项查询中，美国商务部发现，一些我国公司通过柬埔寨、马来西亚、泰国和越南等国家运输太阳能电池和组件，从而规避美国的反倾销维护。

但乔·拜登总统于 2022 年 6 月决议免除这些东南亚国家两年的太阳能关税，这意味着尽管商务部得出了定论，但并未对一些我国生产商履行处罚。

上一年春天，拜登否决了对柬埔寨、马来西亚和泰国太阳能组件征收关税的立法。

总统在否决信息中将豁免描绘为协助扩展美国太阳能发电能力所需的“临时桥梁”

Though the exemption expires this June, Widmar said 30 to 40 gigawatts of excess product has made its way in to the U.S. market, which is equivalent to almost a full year of consumption.

“What this is doing is it’s not allowing these domestic companies to scale,” Widmar said.

The First Solar CEO said he is also worried that Chinese companies will exploit IRA tax credits, particularly the 7 cents per watt for solar modules, to set up assembly plants in the U.S. that do not move the ball forward in terms of technological innovation.

“What you’ve done is you’ve given the Chinese the opportunity to exploit the Inflation Reduction Act,” Widmar said.

A White House spOKesperson wasn’t immediately available to comment.

A buffer against volatility

First Solar is largely insulated from the current market dynamics because the company is booked solid through at least 2026, Widmar said. The company has intentionally overbooked to provide a buffer against the volatility in the solar market, he said.

While the residential solar sector has been walloped by high interest rates, First Solar has outperformed with its focus on utility-scale projects. The Invesco Solar ETF (TAN) has fallen than 18% this year, while First Solar’s stock is down just over 6%.

Stock Chart IconStock chart icon

First Solar shares over the past year.

Electricity demand on the grid was largely flat up until 2020, but has now hit an inflection point with power needs expected to grow substantially through the end of this decade, Widmar said. Large data centers are using more power due to the emergence of artificial intelligence, and other factors such as cryptocurrencies, the electrification of vehicles, and the onshoring of manufacturing in the U.S. are contributing to demand growth, he said.

“That drives need for hundreds of megawatts for solar power plants,” Widmar said. “That means you need more utility-scale generation and you couple that with the continued ramp down of fossil fuels, coal power plants and even nuclear.”

First Solar operates three factories in Ohio with two more plants slated to open in Louisiana and Alabama. The company sources its material in the U.S. and is not dependent on Chinese supply chains, Widmar said.

The CEO said domestic manufacturing provides certainty in a world where supply chains are being disrupted by geopolitical tensions, such as those in the Red Sea, and uncertain trade policies.

“The best way I can provide them certainty is to manufacture in the U.S. with a U.S. supply chain,” he said.

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